Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: Activating receptors promote NK cell expansion for maintenance, IL-10 production, and CD8 T cell regulation during viral infection

doi: 10.1084/jem.20082387

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of Ly49H on CD8 T cell responses in MCMV-infected Prf1 −/− mice. (A) Splenic leukocytes from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected wt , Prf1 −/− , and Ly49h −/− Prf1 −/− mice were analyzed for frequencies of NK cells and CD8 T cells, and expression of IFN-γ and granzyme B in CD8 T cells. (B) Percentages and absolute numbers of CD8α + IFN-γ + in total splenic leukocytes isolated from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected wt , Prf1 −/− , and Ly49h −/− Prf1 −/− mice were determined. (C) Virus titers in spleens, and IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 in serum samples from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected wt , Prf1 −/− , and Ly49h −/− Prf1 −/− mice were measured. The numbers indicate the percentages of cells in each area. Data are presented as means ± SD of three to six mice. Statistical significances between groups are indicated (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01). Results are representative of at least two independent experiments with at least three mice per group. φ, not detected.

Article Snippet: For CD8 T cell blocking, 1 mg anti-CD8α antibody (clone 53.6.72; Bio-Express) was administered by i.p. injection at day 5.

Techniques: Infection, Expressing, Isolation, Virus

Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: Activating receptors promote NK cell expansion for maintenance, IL-10 production, and CD8 T cell regulation during viral infection

doi: 10.1084/jem.20082387

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of blocking of IL-10 on CD8 T cell responses in and survival of MCMV-infected Prf1 −/− mice. (A) Splenic leukocytes from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected Prf1 −/− mice treated with either control antibody or anti–IL-10 antibody were analyzed for frequencies of NK cells and CD8 T cells, and expression of IFN-γ and granzyme B in CD8 T cells. (B) Percentages and absolute numbers of CD8α + IFN-γ + in total splenic leukocytes from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected Prf1 −/− mice treated with either control antibody or anti–IL-10 antibody are shown. (C) Virus titers in spleens, and IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels in serum samples from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected Prf1 −/− mice treated with either control antibody or anti–IL-10 antibody were measured. The numbers indicate the percentages of cells in each area. Data are presented as means ± SD of three to six mice. Statistical significances between groups are indicated (**, P < 0.01). Results are representative of at least two independent experiments with at least three mice per group. (D) Survivals of Prf1 −/− mice infected with 5,000 PFU and treated with either control antibody or anti–IL-10 antibody were evaluated. Data were compiled from two independent experiments, and the p-value was determined by the log-rank survival test. φ, not detected.

Article Snippet: For CD8 T cell blocking, 1 mg anti-CD8α antibody (clone 53.6.72; Bio-Express) was administered by i.p. injection at day 5.

Techniques: Blocking Assay, Infection, Control, Expressing, Virus

Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: Activating receptors promote NK cell expansion for maintenance, IL-10 production, and CD8 T cell regulation during viral infection

doi: 10.1084/jem.20082387

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of blocking CD8 T cell responses during MCMV infection of Ly49h −/− Prf1 −/− mice. (A) Virus titers in spleens, and IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels in serum samples from day 0 and 7 MCMV-infected Ly49h −/− Prf1 −/− mice treated with either control antibody or anti-CD8α antibody were measured. Symbols provide results from individual mice. Horizontal line data presented are means, and the vertical lines indicate ± SD of five mice. Statistical significances between groups are indicated (*, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01). Results are representative of at least two independent experiments. (B) Survivals of Ly49h −/− Prf1 −/− mice MCMV infected with 5,000 PFU and treated with either control antibody or anti-CD8α antibody were evaluated. Data were compiled from two independent experiments, and the p-value was determined by the log-rank survival test.

Article Snippet: For CD8 T cell blocking, 1 mg anti-CD8α antibody (clone 53.6.72; Bio-Express) was administered by i.p. injection at day 5.

Techniques: Blocking Assay, Infection, Virus, Control

Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: Activating receptors promote NK cell expansion for maintenance, IL-10 production, and CD8 T cell regulation during viral infection

doi: 10.1084/jem.20082387

Figure Lengend Snippet: Model for sustaining NK cells for regulation of adaptive immune responses during viral infections. (A) In the absence of stimulation through activating receptors, NK cells decrease during extended viral infections. As a result, they are not available to contribute antiviral and/or immune regulatory functions for extended periods. If the virus is unchecked, unregulated downstream adaptive immune responses can lead to immune pathology and death. (B) In the presence of stimulation through activating receptors, NK cell proliferation is supported and the cells are available to contribute a wide range of functions for extended periods. The studies in this paper demonstrate that during profound viral infections, the conditions can result in induction of NK cell IL-10 production to regulate the magnitude of adaptive CD8 T cell responses and protect from CD8 T cell–dependent death.

Article Snippet: For CD8 T cell blocking, 1 mg anti-CD8α antibody (clone 53.6.72; Bio-Express) was administered by i.p. injection at day 5.

Techniques: Virus